Therapeutic and Routine Antenatal Anti-D Prophylaxis (RAADP)
In this section you will find guidance and publications for clinical and laboratory practice relating to the use of anti-D.
The Handbook of Transfusion Medicine provides comprehensive information on the use of RAADP and use of therapeutic anti-D following sensitising events.
Clinical Practice
British Committee for Standards in Haematology (BCSH) guidelines
Guidelines for the use of prophylactic anti-D immunoglobulin
BCSH approved document 2006
http://www.bcshguidelines.com
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines
The published full guidance on using routine antenatal anti-D prophylaxis for RhD-negative women. It was updated in 2008 and presents the recommendations in a format suited to implementation by health professionals and NHS bodies.
http://www.nice.org.uk
Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
Green-top Guidelines - Use of Anti-D Immunoglobulin for Rh Prophylaxis (22)
Serious Hazards of Transfusion (SHOT) and anti-D
A summary of anti-D errors can be found in the document SHOT in Obstetrics under the 'Toolkit and Resources' link on the SHOT site.
Anti-D patient information leaflets
Leaflets can be accessed on the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) site.
The National Blood Service also produce a leaflet on Blood Groups and Pregnancy
Information can also be obtained at http://www.patient.co.uk/
Laboratory Practice
British Committee for Standards in Haematology (BCSH) guidelines
Guideline for blood grouping and antibody testing in pregnancy
BCSH approved document 2006
Guidelines for the estimation of feto-maternal haemorrhage
Published BCSH guidelines 1999
National Institute for health and Clinical Excellence (NICE)
The published full guidance for routine antenatal care of healthy pregnant women addresses screening for haematological conditions in Section 8.
http://www.nice.org.uk
Other Publications
Published research or audits relating to anti-D and clinical or laboratory practice
Annual Reports - Serious Hazards of Transfusion (SHOT)
Evidence and recommendations for clinical and laboratory staff for transfusion and anti-D
Agaylan, A. Meyer, O. Ahrens, N. Dudenhausen, S. Bombard, S. Salama, A. (2007) A rapid gel agglutination test for the determination of fetomaternal haemorrhage, Transfusion Medicine, 17, 395-398
Chaffe, B. Ford, J. Bills, V. (2007) Routine antenatal anti-D prophylaxis and patient compliance with the two-dose regimen, Transfusion Medicine, 17, 399-403
Harkness, M. Freer, Y. Prescott, R. Warner, P. (2007) Implementation of NICE recommendation for routine antenatal anti-D prophylaxis: a survey of UK maternity units (abstract). Transfusion Medicine, 17, suppl 1, October 2007.[Full article submitted for publication to Transfusion Medicine]
Howard, HL. Martlew, VJ. McFadyen, IR. Clarke, CA. (1997) Preventing Rh D haemolytic disease of the newborn by giving anti-D immunoglobulin: are the guidelines being adequately followed? Br J Obs Gynae, 104, 37-41
[Whilst this publication relates to therapeutic anti-D following sensitising events in pregnancy and the puerperium it may still have relevance overall to the benefits of anti-D]
Koelewijn, JM. de Haas, M. Vrijkotte, TGM. Bonsel, GJ. van der Schoot, CE. (2006) Effect of a single gift of antenatal anti-D prophylaxis with 1000iu in week 30 on the incidence of Rh D immunization in the first trimester of next pregnancy, Vox Sanguinis, 91 (supp 3) 17-18
MacKenzie, IZ. Bowell, P. Gregory, H. Pratt, G. Guest, C. Entwistle, CC. (1999) Routine antenatal Rhesus D immunoglobulin prophylaxis: the results of a prospective 10 year study, Br J Obs Gynae, 106, 492-497
MacKenzie, I. (2004) Antenatal anti-D prophylaxis: one dose or two? Br J Midwifery, 12, 13-14, 16-19
MacKenzie, IZ. Findlay, J. Thompson, K. Roseman, F. (2006) Compliance with routine antenatal Rhesus D prophylaxis and the impact on sensitisations: observations over 14 years, Br J Obs Gynae, 113, 839-843
